Window



A. H. BALLARD WI NDOW Feb. 5, 1.929.

Feb. 5, 1929.

A. H. BALLARD WI NDOW Filed Feb. 4, 192e sheets-sheet 2 Eyll.

lm A

CII

Ill)

Patented Feb. 5, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR I-I. BALLARD, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO ARTHUR H. BAL- LARD, INCORPORATED, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MAS- SACHUSETTS.

WINDOW.

Application filed February This invention relates: to windows and consiste in improvements deeigned to render 1ntfxriorlv :weee-sible the outside of the. sash Yfor the purpoee of easier cleaning and also to increase the wealherproot qualities ot the 'loin-ts 'formed by the movable saehes. l The invention will be best understood by ret'erenee to the following description when hilfen in connection with the aceonipanyingzj illuet rm' ion ot one speci tic embodiment thereoi", while its Scope will be more particularly pointed out in the appended elaine?.

ln the drawings,-

Fig'. 1 iS a front eleratiou showing the saxhee and Ytraining ot the window einboovinfr one 'form ot the invent ion, the lower siam heine; partly raised;

Fir'. ie a cross Sectional elevation through the line 2 2 in Fie. l. the ,sarl beingielamped in cloeed position; h

Fiel'. S is a side elevation in partial seetio'i taken on the line 3 3 in l, Showing: the upper Sash swung in and down for the purpoee ot cleansing; I

Figi'. 4l is a sectional elevation on the line 4-@1- in Fig. taken through the hinged zittafhment of the lower saSh;

Figi. is; :i crees Sectional elevation on the line .Vi-H5 in Fie?. 4;

Fig'. ti is a Side elevation in partiell reetion .@howiefg the lower part ot the window in Fifjfil but with the lower ,Quell sliwunq baelfj `h elanmiiuf deviees; Fing, ir: a :reetion in plum hilfen .Ye-ii ett ement 'tor he wail in end elevV Y: tor the pivot ininnbir irri-r i' e ."hnient;

. :sectional Side view showing' the Slot th rilliel. the clampingl devices may be wi the line,

a/rfb., l here i vefition en'ibodied in a wr.L e; having rf ertshee, the upper enel: oe

d the lower zzisl. eeoable 4, 1926. Serial N0. 86,696.

rlhe invention, however, as to many of its features is applicable to other types of windowe, including those in which both sashes; are vertically movable or both vertically fixed, or in which one Sash iS utilized, or other eonibinzitione and variutione from the diz;- eloeed arrangement.

Herein eau-b @aah is rectangular in shape, the lower Sash being composed of the upright saeh members 13, the horizontal upper Sash member l." and the horizontal lower sash member 17. The upper sash has the vertical side members 1S), the horizontal upper sash member 21 and horizontal lower sash member 23. Either or both the Sash members may be equipped with two or more panes ot glass, but herein the lowe sash member is; equipped with Single pane 25 and the upper sash with e. single, pane 27.

The general arrangement of the window training; will be apparent ifrom the dra wines` and, as Shown, it provides a rectangular :spore or compartment within which the Seshes are located, the Side walls of the compartment being termed by the walls 29, the bottom by the well Si and the top by the Wall The width of this rectangular framing Space is such that the side walls 29 provide guides for the lower @eeh between which the latter it; freely slidable for ruieing or lowering. S will hereatter amiear the -ramingf space is :deo ot suitable width to permit either sash to be :ovunff hack outy of the framing.

The window aperture is divided into upper and lo ver parte by the croes. rail 31), on which the bottom ot' the upper Sash reste. To provide on eiiieieut weatherproof joint, between eeeh woah andy the trame adapted to exelude i.1oi .su:c.` duet and cold, while leavingthe wesh capable of the movemente` about to be eeuirihed, the treme provided at the outside with seal-forming parts which extend enti rely around the periphery ot the lower Sash and ethz Seal-'forming' parte extending' entirely round the periphery of the upper Sash, both saushes being permitted a substantial lateral movement toward and away 'trom such Seal- 'torming parte. Herein the seal-forming` parts for the lower smh are composed ot the weather Strip member 37 circular in cross: x-iertiou :2nd rented in a gfrofaved channel or holder 39 held fixed in the framing outside ot the limits of the aperture formed thereby for the lower sash, and the Seahforniing parts for the upper sash by a second weather strip member 41 similarly arranged with reference to the aperture closed by the upper sash. The weather strip members 37 and 41 may be of any suitable material, but herein rubber is utilized, the arrangement being such that. there is presented to the opposing surface of the sash members of each sash a continuous seal-forming strip, so that when the sash is pressed outwardly against the same the apertures are effectively sealed at all points.

The framing is so constructed as to permit the sash to have a substantial movement of translation laterally or perpendieularly to the plane of the sash, and means are provided whereby, when the sash registers with theI aperture, it may be forced laterally to close the joint at the seal-forming parts. Vhen the lower sash is raised itmay be pressed against the resilient material of the seal and there held frictionally clamped in any open position.

Any suitable devices Inay be utilized for this purpose, but referring to the clamping devices for the lower sash, I have provided at each opposite side of the frame and at the inner side of the sash an extended bearing member 43 in the form of an upright rail or plate. This presents to each opposed face of the upright sash member 13 a fiat bearing face, which, by suitable actuating devices, may be forced against the sash or withdrawn therefrom. When drawn back from the sash it provides a measure of guidance therefor as the latter is being raised or lowered, but the plate 43 is preferably so adjustable that when unclamped it will leave the sash free of contact with the weatherproof strip so that the sash may be freely raised or lowered Without friction.

To throw the clamp rails 43 into or out of clamping engagement with the sash, the former are each pivotally connected at each end by studs 45 to links 47 which are mounted to swing in the side walls 29 eccentrically with reference to the studs 45. The upper and lower links 47 are joined by the connecting rod 49 so that the latter may be manually moved up or down, swinging the links about the pivotal connection to the side walls and causing the clamp rail, due to its eccentric mounting, to approach or recede from the side members of the Window sash.

When the sash is in its lowered or closed position, as represented in Fig. 2, but with the clamping rail retracted, the sash may be freely raised or lowered without friction. In any position of the sash, the clamping rail may be forced against the sash compressing it against the yieldable sealing strip 37. This produces a tight waterproof seal-ed joint if the sash be down, or firmly holds the sash clamped in position if it be raised.

In the disclosed embodiment of the invention I have made provision whereby the sash, without interference with its necessary functions may be easily moved to provide access to the outside surface of the pane from the interior of the building or other structure in which the window is used. This makes it practicable to clean the outside as well as the inside of the window pane from within.

This object may be secured in various ways, but in the illustrated embodiment of the invention I have arranged the sash so that it may be fulcrumed upon one of its side members, as, for example, the lower sash member 17, and thereby swung back through the framing into some lsuch position asris represented in Fig. 6.

In the disclosed embodiment of the invention I have also made provision for the easy removal of the window sash where such removal may be desired for any purpose.

To permit the described movements of the sash for purposes of cleaning or removal, the rails 43 or other clamping devices arel preferably so arranged that, although normally providing inner guidance for the sash as the latter is raised or lowered, they may be readily moved out of the path of the sash leaving the frame space free from any interference with the backward movement of the sash through the framing.

For this purpose the links 47 are journaled by the pivot pins 51 (Figs. 7 and 8) in the bearing block 53 carried by the side walls 29, each pivot pin having an enlarged inner head .55 which normally prevents its escape from the bearing block. The opening for the bearing block which receives the pin 41 (see Fig. 10) opens above into an enlargement 57 of greater diameter than the enlarged head 55, so that by merely lifting the clamping meinbers the. pivot pins pass up into the enlargement 57 and may be easily removed from the framing by slipping the enlarged head of the pivot pins through the enlarged portions 57 of the openings. Ol tiously they may be replaced with equal facility.

lt is desirable that the sash, while arranged to be swung back as described and, if required, to be withdrawn from the framing, should be counterlialancefl in some measure so that it may be readily raised and, when released by the clamps for lowering, will not close violently under its own weight, but preferably only when assisted by some downward pressure. For this purpose there is provided a .spring-actimted lifting device, preferably guided for vertical movement in the framing, the same having a hinged connection to the bottom of the sash arranged so as to permit the lateral movement of the sash as described.

The arrangenient of these parts will be seen more particularly in Figs. 4, 5, 6, 8 and 9. The lower frame member 17 of the sash has on its under side at each opposite end a recess into which there tits; a hinge block 59 having the shape indicated in at and 5. The hinge blocks interlock with the sash and partake of the movement thereof, but, when the sash is swung back as represented in Fig. G, the latter may be readily slipped out ot' engagement with the two blocks treeing it ot any connection with tbe training and permitting it to be removed therefrom after the clamps have been withdrawn.

Connected to each hinge block, to turn there ith. is a pivot member 6l 4, 5 and 8). This pivot member 6l where it en- ;.i'ages the block is square in cross section (Fig. being seated in a `rectangular slot ('f in the hinge block so that, while the latter and the pivot member turn together, the block is allowed to move laterally with the sash when the latter is clamped against the seul-forming parts by the clai'npinf?- devices.

The pivot member ($1 passges through a vertirul guiee slot (Fig. 9) in the side wall Q9 oi' the traine and on the outside thereot has an enlarged diameter 67 which is journaled in the guide block (i9, the latter adapted to Islide vertically in the upright guides 7l. The guides 71 and block (39 are ot such proportions that a substantial guidance is att'orded the lifting device in partaliing ot the vertical movements ot the sash. not its outer end the pivot member is secured by a clamping nut 73 (Fig. 8) to a clip or upright finger 75, the latter connected lto the lower end et a spring 77, the upper end of which is secured to the window training. The spring clip 75 is preferably non-rotatably Secured to the pivot member so that the latter, together with the hinge block and spring linger, is adapted to turn as a unit with relation to the guide block 69. Herein the linger 75 tits over a inni-circular portion T9 ot the pivot memlud.

'ihe tension ot the spring 77 may oe ot' any desired amount. but prel'el'al'ily is such that, :ating through the pivotmeniber Gl and hinge block. it will prevent the open sash ,from dropping to closed position wnen relieved bythe clamps, so that a careless person cannot be injured by the accidental dropping ot the sash. 'lhe tension, it desired, may be such as to partly raise the sash automatically as soon as the latter' is released by the clamps, or may be such as to raise it to its full open position it desired. Vvlhen the sash is raised or lowered the tension ot the spring T7 holds the hinge block :V9 in engagement with the sash, and the hinge'block, pivot member and guide bloei; (3S move up and down with the lash. the latter being guided by the guideways 7l which thereby serve to keep the pivot inem and the two hinge blocks in a sub- :stantially tixed vertical path.

vifhen the clamp rails are withdrawn from the tran'iing as heretofore deseribed, the sash may be swung baci; out of the framing about the pivot member 61 into some such position as represented in Fig. (3. In this movement the hinge block and spring finger 75 swing with the sash with relation to the guide block of), the spring undergoing slight elongation which tends to counterbalance the weigl'it of the tree end ot' the sash, and the elongation, it' desired, may he sullicient to assist in returning the sash to its upright position when the sash pane has been washed.

To prevent the spring trom raising the lower end ot the sash when swung to this position, provision is made whereby the hinge bioclt is locl'Y d and the action ot' the spring restrained until the window is again swung a el; to normal position. For this pur- :ese the pivot member (Si, where it passes irough the slot (S5 in the side wall 29 (Figs. C and il), is provided with a shouldered piece til, the lateral dimension ot which is reduced o and slide through the slot (S9 when the hinge blorlc is iipright. rl'he opposite or vertiva dimension, however, is substantially eater so that it will not enter the slot as r resented hy the dotted lines in Fig. 9, eX-

TWhen sash is in its lowered position the shoulered pieve occupies a circular enlargement n) o t the slot (SI5, so that if the Window is swung outwardly represented in Fig. (l the shouieered enlargement is adapted to urn within 'the slot by the swinging movenent et' the In so turning, however, it s moved to a position where it cannot enter he main portion of the guide slot 65, so that At remains locked therein against any lifting action ol" the spring until the window is s 'ung back to its upright position, when the LAouldeicd portion again comes into line with the slot and may move up and down therein trerly. The liiting device aci-ordirgiy, while Vi'arilitating the raising and loweng ot the sash and permitting the lateral clamping niovenant thereot, allows the latter to be swung inwardly through the training and o be there hold whih` its lifting eil'ect is temporarily ristianied.

'fhe constructional Futures ot the lower sash per are claimed in my Patent No. Lolifl, application i'or which was tiled rontemporaneously herewith.

Yielerring now to the upper sash, the latter in the described en'ihodiment is vertically lifted, but capable ot a, similar movement of "ation to force it outwardly against its weatnerstrip fil by means oit clamping devices which, except tor the tentures hereina iter reterred to, resemble the clamping devices ot the lower sash already described.

in order that the clamping devices Vtor the upper sash may not interfere with the raising or lowering 't the lowt sash, each side member 19 ot the upper sash (see Figs. 2 and il) is provided with a pair ot clamp engaging fingers which are seated each in a lltl hat)

groove 87 formed in the side walls 29, where they eXtend back out of the path of the lower sash and present to a suitable bearing lug 89 on the clamp rail (Fig. 11) an outwardly turned shouldered bearing end 91. Then the clamps are actuated, therefore, instead of engaging directly with the window sash, they engage the sash indirectly through the fingers which slide in the grooves 87 so as to offer no interference to the vertical movements of the lower sash. The clamp rails for the upper clamps are preferably so located that when actuated to close the upper sash they will otter a measure of guidance to the lower sash when the latter is aised.

In the described embodiment of the invention, the upper sash is also arranged so that it may be swung backwardly through the framing, the construction being such that. it may be swung inwardly and downwardly to such an angle that in a room of the ordinary height and with windows of the ordinary height the outside of the upper sash may be readily accessible for the purpose of cleansing to a person standing on the floor. For this purpose the sash connected to a hinged attachment similar to the hinged attachment of the lower sash, except for the features hereinafter referred to.

A hinge block and pivot pin similar to the hinge block 59 and pivot pin 6l are employed, there being also utilized a guide block similar to the guide block 69 and a spring connected clip similar to the clip T5 and spring 77. The guide block, however, has a limited movement in its guideways, being brought to rest in its upper position (represented in Fig. 3) by a suitable. stop. The interlocking feature presented by the slot G5 and pivot pin 8l is omitted, the pivot pin being freely movable vin its guide slot in any inclined position of the saslnwthat is to say, the spring is free to lift the hinged attachment when the position of the sash permits, whatever be the inclination of the latter.

'hen it is desired to swing the sash inwardly, the clamps having been tirst removed, the sash is swung back about the lower sash member Q3 as a fuicrun'i, the slot 87 in which the clamp-engaging,fingers 85 slide, and the fingers themselves, being of such a curved shape as to permit this movennnl of the sash. As soon as the clamp engaging` tingers 85 have emerged from the slots 87, turther swinging movement takes piace about the hinged attachment of the bottom of th Y, sash and the springs being then free to lift the pivot members, the guide blocks pass to t top of the guideways where they are broi to rest by the stop. This results not oi; swinging haelt the top of the sash, but also in lifting the bottom so that the upper sash tinally comes to rest against the sash member l5 of the lower sash in some such position as is represented in Fig. 3, where the outside of the sash pane can he easily washed or claned. To prevent the sash dropping out of its hinge block when moved to this position, the latter may he normally held in place by the employment of set screws or any other suitable fasteners. The window having been cleaned, it is only necessary to tip it back into its original position. causing the clamp-engaging fingers 85 to enter the slots Si', after which the clamp devices may be replaced in position and the window clamped tight against its weather strip, as represented in Fig. 2.

Vlt will be seen that in the inward swinging movement of the sash, after the guide block has reached its upper limit. tui-'her downward swingingmovement of the window increases the tension on the sin-ing so that the latter serves in part to counterlailance the weight of the sash.

vhile for purposes of illustration l have herein shown and described one specific embodiment of the invention. it is to he understood that extensive deviations man he made from the n'iechanical details herein shov-:n well as the form and relative arrangement of parts, and that numerous other applications of the principles of my invention may be made, all without departing from the spirit thereof.

I claim:

1. A window having a framing provided with upper and lov-.fer sashes in which the lower sash may be raised or lowered. sealforming devices presented to both said sashes and extending around the same, and clamping devices to force the sashes against said seal-forming devices to close the joints thereat, the clamping devices for the upper sash being out of the path of the lower sash to permit the latter to be raised or lowered while said devices are still engaged with said upper sash,

2. A window having a framing provided with upper and lower sashes in which the lower sash may he raised or iowered, sealforming devices presented to both said sasha-i and extending around the same, and clamping devices to force the sashes against said seal-forming devices to close the joints thereat, the ciamping devices for the upper sash being out ot the path of the lower sash but adapted to atiord guidance thereto when raised.

3. A window having a sash provided with a framing presenting exterior beariiig surfaces for the sash, clamping devices to force said sash outwardly, and clamp engaging means carried by the window sash and located in grooves in the framing` whereby the framing space is lc t unobstrrted by said clamp engaging devices.

4. A window hai ing a framing and a lower sash adapted to be raised and lowered. said framing being provided with external sealforming parts and said sash being movable laterallyv to engage therewith, clamping' de vices; to lioree the, @ash late.'allj7 to engage with said Seal-forming parte, an upper aaah? the frame thereof heine' also provide-l with external seal-forming pars`r and damping; devices; mounted in said framing! outside et thi` path of the lower mah when raieed and adapted to pregi: Said upper sash outwardly against its Seat.

5. A window having a framing` and a lower SaSh adapted to he raised and lowered` said 'framinga being` provided with external sealforn'iingi parts and said Hash heine` nmvahle laterall)T to engage therewith. elampingj devices to .torce the sanh laterall)Y to engage with said Seal-forming parte, an upper Sash, the frame thereof heilig' also provided with external Seal-forming` parts, clampingy devices mounted in said framing outside of the path ol the lower sash when raised and adapted to prees l ai l upper Sash outwardly against its Seat7 said clamping devices beinfir removahle from the path o1 the upper Sash to permit the latter to he moved haek through the framing, and a hinged attaelunent for the bottom ot the upper sash to permit the latter to he :rwiu'ie` haeluvardlv and downwardly about said lower safsh to provide aereas thereto.

(l. A window having a framing and a lower sash adapted to llo raised and lowered` and an upper Sash having devices mounted in said 'training ontSide of the path of the lower Sash when raised but adapted to provide guidance for said lower sash and adapted to press said upper sash outwardly against its seat.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

ARTHUR H. BALLARD.

Sil 

